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Learn more about the Da Vinci Surgical System


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Skeletal System

BonesYour bones perform a number of essential functions. They support and protect your internal organs. They act as levers and braces for your muscles to help you move. They also produce and store blood cells in the bone marrow. Although we may think of bones as being static, bones are actually living, growing tissue. Throughout a person's lifetime, old bone is removed (resorption) and new bone is added to the skeleton (formation). Normally, during childhood and the teenage years, new bone is added faster than old bone is removed.

According to the National Institutes of Health, three types of tissue can combine to make up mature bones:

  • Compact tissue - This is the hard outer portion of most bones
  • Cancellous tissue -This is the spongy tissue inside the bones that contains bone marrow, which makes blood cells
  • Subchondral tissue - This is the smooth bone tissue of the joints

A layer of cartilage covers subchondral tissue to cushion the movement of joints.

You can follow the links below to learn more about conditions and diseases of the bones.

Avascular necrosis: see Osteonecrosis

Bone cancer: see Bone Cancer

Bone cyst, unicameral: see Bone Tumors - Benign

Bone fractures: see Bone Fractures

Bone loss, kidney disease: see Bone Loss & Kidney Disease

Bone loss, osteoporosis: see Osteoporosis

Bone tumors, cancerous: see Bone Cancer

Bone tumors, non-cancerous: see Bone Tumors - Benign

Calcium, osteoporosis: see Calcium and Osteoporosis

Cancer, bone: see Bone Cancer

Chondrosarcoma: see Bone Cancer

Clubfoot: see Clubfoot

Craniofacial Disorders: see Craniofacial Disorders

Curvature of the spine: see Curvature of the Spine

DEXA scan: see DEXA Scan

Ewing's sarcoma: see Bone Cancer

Fibrous dysplasia: see Bone Tumors - Benign

Fractures: see Bone Fractures

Giant cell tumor: see Bone Tumors - Benign

Hip fracture: see Hip Fracture

Hypercalcemia: see Hypercalcemia

Hyperparathyroidism: see Parathyroid Glands

Ischemic necrosis: see Osteonecrosis

Joint replacement: see Joint Replacement

Kidney disease, bone loss: see Bone Loss & Kidney Disease

Kyphosis: see Curvature of the Spine

Leukemia: see Leukemia

Multiple myeloma: see Multiple Myeloma and Plasmacytoma

Orthopedics: see Orthopedics

Osgood-Schlatter disease: see The Knee

Osteoarthritis: see Osteoarthritis

Osteochondritis dissecans, knee: see The Knee

Osteochondroma: see Bone Tumors - Benign

Osteodystrophy, renal: see Bone Loss and Kidney Disease

Osteoid osteomas: see Bone Tumors - Benign

Osteomalacia: see Osteomalacia and Rickets

Osteonecrosis: see Osteonecrosis

Osteopenia: see Osteoporosis

Osteopetrosis: see Osteopetrosis

Osteoporosis: see Osteoporosis

Osteosarcoma: see Bone Cancer

Paget's disease of bone: see Paget's Disease of Bone

Physical therapy: see Rehabilitation

Plasmacytoma: see Multiple Myeloma and Plasmacytoma

Rickets: see Osteomalacia and Rickets

Scheuermann's Disease: see Curvature of the Spine

Scoliosis: see Curvature of the Spine

Spondylolysis, spondylolisthesis: see The Spine

Stress fractures: see Bone Fractures

Tumors, non-cancerous: see Bone Tumors - Benign

Ultrasound: see Ultrasound

Unicameral bone cyst: see Bone Tumors - Benign

All Concept Communications material is provided for information only and is neither advice nor a substitute for proper medical care. Consult a qualified healthcare professional who understands your particular history for individual concerns.

© Concept Communications Media Group LLC

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By printing and/or reading this article, you agree that you accept all terms and conditions of use, as specified online.